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02](https://deepnote.com/workspace/ise3309jingao-5ba66b0a-4283-4f5a-ae06-3f68d3201e99/project/38755e4e-23f6-4f5f-8c68-8a2e4114b1c1/notebook/f9ab632ba16b4f2084669791cba6ba85?utm_source=openai&utm_medium=mcp&utm_campaign=openaimcp&utm_content=f9ab632ba16b4f2084669791cba6ba85&utm_term=get_notebook)","sha256":"a601e97ddadf6ad2d451ded6a1037af2c4cc1a6b0c5f93321aabc23641859a86","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 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语义像素","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-ff77a08b58b1024ed83ad118","nextBlock":"b-915dc5d93f30ccf357ddba3c","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-a4775ad7af5ae35bd97964f9","url":"#b-a4775ad7af5ae35bd97964f9","role":"section-title"},{"id":"b-ff77a08b58b1024ed83ad118","url":"#b-ff77a08b58b1024ed83ad118","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-915dc5d93f30ccf357ddba3c","type":"p","scope":"block-664c0174befe4f9598e78391fe5643fb","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-915dc5d93f30ccf357ddba3c","content":"ImageGen 场景＋代码绘制教学标注，非模型预测。","sha256":"96d57dacaa7b72f5e8f4790b0a698f95202a50c1e4da7084ee9036a1aa008210","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-664c0174befe4f9598e78391fe5643fb","title":"2. 语义像素","number":4},"sectionTitle":"2. 语义像素","currentQuestion":"2. 语义像素","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-a40cfa91a66eca8894aad088","nextBlock":null,"prerequisites":[{"id":"b-a4775ad7af5ae35bd97964f9","url":"#b-a4775ad7af5ae35bd97964f9","role":"section-title"},{"id":"b-ff77a08b58b1024ed83ad118","url":"#b-ff77a08b58b1024ed83ad118","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","type":"h3","scope":"block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","content":"### 3. 实例掩码","sha256":"f20d523d64dfec69608156605a6f115a9fca81e10acb63aec689e89fcd235344","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","title":"3. 实例掩码","number":5},"sectionTitle":"3. 实例掩码","currentQuestion":"3. 实例掩码","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":null,"nextBlock":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","url":"#b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","type":"p","scope":"block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","content":"![3. 实例掩码](/course/knowledge-assets/bd15e99e56cc9220deed3d6c.jpg)","sha256":"98e98a8a50a1209e2f19d3b17a7983a598d3bbf398f953d831ba9db2ee3a6511","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","title":"3. 实例掩码","number":5},"sectionTitle":"3. 实例掩码","currentQuestion":"3. 实例掩码","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","nextBlock":"b-60bad986a92e1230e37ee032","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","url":"#b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","role":"section-title"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-60bad986a92e1230e37ee032","type":"p","scope":"block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-60bad986a92e1230e37ee032","content":"两个杯子同类，但分别保留 cup-red、cup-blue 的实例身份；书为独立对象。改变类别或实例身份不会自动改变可见轮廓。","sha256":"899c990c35e2bddea0d7259c28a25e9866e2e0997ebc8a532d487e796de5a541","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","title":"3. 实例掩码","number":5},"sectionTitle":"3. 实例掩码","currentQuestion":"3. 实例掩码","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","nextBlock":"b-5bd77b5f62df9862ff43e7c2","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","url":"#b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","role":"section-title"},{"id":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","url":"#b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-5bd77b5f62df9862ff43e7c2","type":"p","scope":"block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-5bd77b5f62df9862ff43e7c2","content":"ImageGen 场景＋代码绘制教学标注，非模型预测。","sha256":"96d57dacaa7b72f5e8f4790b0a698f95202a50c1e4da7084ee9036a1aa008210","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","title":"3. 实例掩码","number":5},"sectionTitle":"3. 实例掩码","currentQuestion":"3. 实例掩码","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-60bad986a92e1230e37ee032","nextBlock":"b-7735599d9e1a967ff59313ab","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","url":"#b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","role":"section-title"},{"id":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","url":"#b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-7735599d9e1a967ff59313ab","type":"pre","scope":"block-231837089e9a4369aa7529f300a99919","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-7735599d9e1a967ff59313ab","content":"```\n# 本册独立素材准备：内嵌预览与精确原图坐标，不下载外站，也不依赖其他 notebook 的变量。\nfrom pathlib import Path\nimport base64, json\nfrom IPython.display import SVG, display\nscene_uri = 'https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/knowledge-assets/46ffa1170be676ea38dfc1ee.jpg'\nannotation = {'version': 'L03-r2-20260922', 'image': 'tabletop-occlusion.png', 'size': [1536, 1024], 'label': '手工教学标注：可见轮廓，非模型输出或数据集真值', 'objects': [{'id': 'cup-red', 'category': 'cup', 'polygon': [[280, 270], [295, 251], [362, 241], [448, 242], [527, 253], [565, 270], [562, 361], [554, 454], [542, 532], [526, 565], [491, 579], [432, 586], [369, 582], [329, 568], [307, 541], [297, 516], [258, 497], [224, 471], [194, 433], [179, 392], [178, 356], [190, 326], [210, 308], [242, 303], [278, 314]], 'holes': [[[280, 351], [251, 328], [227, 328], [209, 343], [200, 368], [204, 400], [219, 432], [244, 459], [276, 480], [290, 481]]], 'box': [177, 238, 390, 351]}, {'id': 'cup-blue', 'category': 'cup', 'polygon': [[642, 266], [663, 248], [732, 238], [814, 238], [888, 249], [925, 267], [925, 306], [954, 296], [985, 296], [1009, 310], [1022, 334], [1025, 366], [1018, 396], [1010, 418], [934, 435], [850, 450], [746, 466], [659, 482], [650, 414], [644, 341]], 'holes': [[[925, 348], [944, 323], [965, 318], [986, 326], [1000, 347], [1002, 373], [993, 404], [984, 424], [919, 438]]], 'box': [641, 235, 386, 249]}, {'id': 'book', 'category': 'book', 'polygon': [[602, 500], [626, 490], [1051, 412], [1450, 548], [1451, 560], [1438, 576], [1438, 633], [1454, 648], [918, 770], [602, 586], [597, 560], [598, 516]], 'holes': [], 'box': [596, 411, 860, 362]}]}\nasset_dir = Path.cwd() / 'lecture03-assets-r2'\nasset_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)\npreview_file = asset_dir / 'tabletop-occlusion-preview.jpg'\nif not preview_file.exists():\n    preview_file.write_bytes(base64.b64decode(scene_uri.split(',',1)[1]))\n(asset_dir / 'scene-annotations.json').write_text(json.dumps(annotation,ensure_ascii=False,indent=2))\nprint('可用材料:', preview_file.name, 'scene-annotations.json')\nprint('标注坐标系:', annotation['size'], '；图片预览768×512，展示时同比例映射。')\n# 修改这一项为 cup-red、cup-blue 或 book，预测红框和局部窗口怎样改变。\nselected_id = 'cup-blue'\nobj = next(o for o in annotation['objects'] if o['id']==selected_id)\nx,y,w,h = obj['box']\nprint('所选对象:',selected_id,'类别:',obj['category'],'框(x,y,w,h):',[x,y,w,h])\nsvg = f'<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" viewBox=\"0 0 1536 1024\"><image href=\"{scene_uri}\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"/><rect x=\"{x}\" y=\"{y}\" width=\"{w}\" height=\"{h}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#431170\" stroke-width=\"10\"/></svg>'\ndisplay(SVG(svg))\n# 将所选框显示在归一化的局部窗口；不把此教学裁剪称为 RoIAlign。\nlocal_svg = f'<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"320\" height=\"240\" viewBox=\"{x} {y} {w} {h}\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><image href=\"{scene_uri}\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"/></svg>'\ndisplay(SVG(local_svg))\n\n```","sha256":"cb6c660ec4d907ba6d21c960a631ec2fa5dd33a029ea2378765c42ac6c5c7d33","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","title":"3. 实例掩码","number":5},"sectionTitle":"3. 实例掩码","currentQuestion":"3. 实例掩码","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-5bd77b5f62df9862ff43e7c2","nextBlock":"b-d2417811cb350486652d1408","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","url":"#b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","role":"section-title"},{"id":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","url":"#b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-d2417811cb350486652d1408","type":"pre","scope":"block-c29bd696d6a14697aec8bacd7fc5b1a8","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-d2417811cb350486652d1408","content":"```\n# 本格独立：先预测，再修改 x_image / 特征值，不用前格变量。\nimport math\nfeature = [0.,1.,2.,6.,7.]\ndef linear_at(x_image, stride, values):\n    u=x_image/stride\n    if not 0<=u<=len(values)-1:\n        raise ValueError('采样位置超出已有特征；请一起检查坐标与特征范围')\n    lo=math.floor(u); hi=min(lo+1,len(values)-1)\n    a=u-lo\n    return u,(1-a)*values[lo]+a*values[hi]\nassert linear_at(35,16,feature)==(2.1875,2.75)\nx_image, stride = 35.,16.\nu,value=linear_at(x_image,stride,feature)\nprint('原图x / stride =',u,'；线性插值 =',value)\nA=[[1.,0.],[1.,0.]];B=[[0.,1.],[0.,1.]]\ndef encode(m):\n    return sum(map(sum,m))/4, sum(r[0]-r[1] for r in m)/2\nfa,fb=encode(A),encode(B)\nprint('只留均值:',fa[0],fb[0])\nprint('增加左列−右列通道:',fa,fb)\nprint('均值各放大为2×2:',[[fa[0]]*2]*2,[[fb[0]]*2]*2)\nassert fa==(0.5,1.0) and fb==(0.5,-1.0)\n\n```","sha256":"96dd96d2531cb1da78a27a6c959e34c7f66be57ac18df1cb330ff1cd568bd51f","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-1761803a29b74f3abfb120f36f3d725c","title":"3. 实例掩码","number":5},"sectionTitle":"3. 实例掩码","currentQuestion":"3. 实例掩码","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-7735599d9e1a967ff59313ab","nextBlock":null,"prerequisites":[{"id":"b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","url":"#b-283d7d6afa40844821d78668","role":"section-title"},{"id":"b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","url":"#b-ce5c2dfe180c1f510e08405e","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-4c021347891cd85ad2b72a36","type":"h2","scope":"block-67d424947f214e6e8281cd50e173751d","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-4c021347891cd85ad2b72a36","content":"## 读取结果，解释改动","sha256":"1902bd0196eb78212d0aa0ca06a6b5f862167b926e2d822a7cbedc7081c8fb09","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-67d424947f214e6e8281cd50e173751d","title":"读取结果，解释改动","number":6},"sectionTitle":"读取结果，解释改动","currentQuestion":"读取结果，解释改动","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":null,"nextBlock":"b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","url":"#b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","type":"p","scope":"block-67d424947f214e6e8281cd50e173751d","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","content":"默认蓝杯框为 `[641,235,386,249]`；选择红杯后框换为 `[177,238,390,351]`。图像与标注引用同一源场景，局部窗口按该框显示。运行准备只写本课素材目录，不加载模型。","sha256":"f86eb98ab6879163a5c1a5fdf34899e4fae425a773a22232314e42b62c9cdac1","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-67d424947f214e6e8281cd50e173751d","title":"读取结果，解释改动","number":6},"sectionTitle":"读取结果，解释改动","currentQuestion":"读取结果，解释改动","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-4c021347891cd85ad2b72a36","nextBlock":"b-827938eaea5cce8658365769","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-4c021347891cd85ad2b72a36","url":"#b-4c021347891cd85ad2b72a36","role":"section-title"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-827938eaea5cce8658365769","type":"p","scope":"block-67d424947f214e6e8281cd50e173751d","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-827938eaea5cce8658365769","content":"数值默认输出：`原图x / stride = 2.1875；线性插值 = 2.75`。这是约定 `u=x/stride` 的一维教学例；真实二维 RoIAlign 还包括区域分格、双线性采样及汇总。","sha256":"b8f91780cd62db020e738d40a972978a7d35e6f8f0cd568bfca8661ae057904e","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"page":{"id":"reading-block-67d424947f214e6e8281cd50e173751d","title":"读取结果，解释改动","number":6},"sectionTitle":"读取结果，解释改动","currentQuestion":"读取结果，解释改动","sourceSlides":[],"knowledgeBlock":null,"formulas":[],"previousBlock":"b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","nextBlock":"b-87cd5bfbb0e0b64c9b577e79","prerequisites":[{"id":"b-4c021347891cd85ad2b72a36","url":"#b-4c021347891cd85ad2b72a36","role":"section-title"},{"id":"b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","url":"#b-22ea9b04a01668b951a24b5e","role":"problem-context"}],"relatedBlocks":[]},{"id":"b-87cd5bfbb0e0b64c9b577e79","type":"p","scope":"block-67d424947f214e6e8281cd50e173751d","url":"https://codingai-lec03.pages.dev/course/lab03-spatial.html#b-87cd5bfbb0e0b64c9b577e79","content":"均值编码均为 `0.5`；其余特征和框相同、后续不能回看原图时，放大或改采样仍没有新差别。新增“左列−右列”后，表示为 `(0.5,+1)` 与 `(0.5,−1)`。","sha256":"f96cd698cf45941bbdab10cbcb9581190760f6742d03ae73252172fe9a815828","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 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2.5](/course/blocks/bilinear-four-neighbors.html)；要检验模型真能从 RGB 得到轮廓，读 [LAB 11](https://deepnote.com/workspace/ise3309jingao-5ba66b0a-4283-4f5a-ae06-3f68d3201e99/project/38755e4e-23f6-4f5f-8c68-8a2e4114b1c1/notebook/9e268706471944e3a59e6f568f9ce9a3?utm_source=openai&utm_medium=mcp&utm_campaign=openaimcp&utm_content=9e268706471944e3a59e6f568f9ce9a3&utm_term=get_notebook)。本册的 SVG 裁剪不是调用 RoIAlign，平均值碰撞也不是分割模型训练结果，两项准确身份使它们能和完整实验互相补充。","sha256":"16d5e34b61af7d98232b22bd5b08cb9a7ea9d533a2ce2a3f73deeeef137a0073","chapter":{"id":"course","title":"LAB 03 · 空间信息：表示、采样与掩码"},"unit":{"id":"lab03-spatial","title":"LAB 03 · 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